MODERN EDUCATION DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH CONFERENCE
Conference proceedings are recommended for scientists and teachers in higher education establishments. They can be used in education, including the process of post - graduate teaching, preparation for obtain bachelors' and masters' degrees. The review of all articles was accomplished by experts, materials are according to authors copyright. The authors are responsible for content, researches results and errors.
MEHMONXONA SOHASIDA KADRLAR BO‘LIMINING VAZIFALARI VA XODIMLARNING MEHNAT UNUMDORLIGINI OSHIRISHDAGI STRATEGIK YO‘LLARNING AHAMIYATI
Mazkur maqolada mehmonxona sohasida kadrlar bo‘limining strategik roli, xodimlar mehnat unumdorligiga ta’siri hamda xizmat sifati bilan uzviy bog‘liqligi yoritiladi. Inson resurslarini rejalashtirish, rivojlantirish, rag‘batlantirish mexanizmlari, xalqaro tajribalar va O‘zbekiston sharoitiga mos amaliy takliflar asosida mehmonxona boshqaruvida samaradorlikni oshirish yo‘llari ilmiy tahlil qilinadi
QALQONSIMON BEZNING FIZIOLOGIK AHAMIYATI
Mazkur ilmiy maqolada endokrin tizimning muhim bo‘g‘ini bo‘lgan qalqonsimon bezning anatomik-fiziologik xususiyatlari, gormonlar sintezi va ularning organizm hayotiy jarayonlariga ta’siri yoritilgan. Qalqonsimon bez gormonlarining moddalar almashinuvi, nerv tizimi, yurak-qon tomir va reproduktiv tizim bilan o‘zaro bog‘liqligi ilmiy asosda tahlil qilingan. Shuningdek, homiladorlik davrida qalqonsimon bez faoliyatida yuz beradigan fiziologik o‘zgarishlar, gormonlar yetishmovchiligi yoki ortiqligining ona va homila rivojlanishiga ta’siri keng yoritilgan. Maqola fiziologiya fanining zamonaviy ma’lumotlariga asoslangan holda bayon etilgan
MADANIY OMILLARNING LEKSIKAGA TA’SIRI: INGLIZ VA O’ZBEK TILLARI MISOLIDA
Mazkur maqolada madaniyat va til o‘rtasidagi uzviy bog‘liqlik ingliz va o‘zbek tillari misolida qiyosiy aspektda keng qamrovli tahlil qilinadi. Tadqiqotda madaniy realiyalar, mentalitet, milliy an’analar, ijtimoiy munosabatlar hamda tarixiy omillarning leksik tarkibni shakllantirishdagi roli ilmiy-nazariy va amaliy dalillar asosida yoritiladi. O‘zbek va ingliz tillaridagi qarindoshlik, marosim, ovqatlanish madaniyati, muomala etiketi, ijtimoiy institutlar va kundalik turmush bilan bog‘liq leksik birliklar misolida madaniyatning so‘z boyligiga ta’siri ochib beriladi. Qiyosiy tahlil natijasida ikki til o‘rtasidagi o‘xshash va farqli jihatlar aniqlanib, ularning chet tilini o‘qitish, tarjima amaliyoti va madaniyatlararo muloqotdagi ahamiyati asoslab beriladi. Maqola xulosalari tilshunoslik, tarjimashunoslik va lingvokulturologiya sohalarida olib boriladigan keyingi tadqiqotlar uchun nazariy va amaliy ahamiyatga ega
INSON QADRI-QIMMATINING HUQUQIY IFODASI: XALQARO VA MILLIY HUQUQDA SHAXSIY, IQTISODIY, IJTIMOIY, EKOLOGIK HAMDA MADANIY HUQUQ VA ERKINLIKLAR
Mazkur ilmiy maqola inson qadri-qimmati tushunchasining zamonaviy huquqiy doktrinadagi oʻrni va uning xalqaro hamda milliy qonunchilikdagi transformatsiyasini tadqiq etishga bagʻishlangan. Tadqiqot davomida inson qadri-qimmati shunchaki axloqiy kategoriya emas, balki shaxsning fundamental huquqlari — shaxsiy, iqtisodiy, ijtimoiy, ekologik va madaniy erkinliklarining huquqiy asosi ekanligi tahlil qilinadi. Maqolada yangi tahrirdagi Oʻzbekiston Respublikasi Konstitutsiyasida inson huquqlari boʻyicha belgilangan yangi standartlar, xususan, "ijtimoiy davlat" tamoyilining amaliy ifodasi va ekologik huquqlarning inson hayoti sifatini ta’minlashdagi ahamiyati ilmiy nuqtayi nazardan yoritilgan. Shuningdek, xalqaro huquqiy hujjatlar va milliy huquq tizimi oʻrtasidagi bogʻliqlik, inson qadrini himoya qilishning institutsional mexanizmlari boʻyicha taklif va tavsiyalar ilgari surilgan
madaniy identifikatsiya va konstitutsiyaviy islohotlar
CONTEMPORARY INSIGHTS INTO THE CLINICAL AND PATHOGENETIC INTERRELATIONSHIP BETWEEN RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS AND METABOLIC SYNDROME
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic systemic autoimmune inflammatory disease characterized by progressive joint destruction, extra-articular manifestations, and a high risk of early disability [1,2]. In recent years, increasing attention has been focused on the high prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) among patients with RA and its significant impact on disease activity, therapeutic response, and cardiovascular prognosis [4,7,10]. Metabolic syndrome, which includes insulin resistance, abdominal obesity, dyslipidemia, and arterial hypertension, is considered a key component of systemic inflammation in RA [5,9,14]. This review analyzes current concepts regarding the pathogenetic mechanisms linking immune-mediated inflammation and metabolic disturbances, the role of adipokines and insulin resistance, the clinical significance of RA–MetS comorbidity, as well as contemporary diagnostic and therapeutic approaches
AL-ANDALUSLIK IBN RUSHDNING G‘ARB FALSAFASI RIVOJIGA QO‘SHGAN XISSASI
Mazkur maqola o‘rta asr Musulmonlar Ispaniyasida yashab o‘tgan atoqli olimlardan biri bo‘lgan Ibn Rushdning hayoti va ilmiy merosi haqida ma’lumot beradi. Shuningdek, uning G‘arb falsafasiga qanday xissa qo‘shgani va rivojiga turtki bo‘lgani to‘g‘risida so‘z boradi
OLIY TA’LIM MUASSALARIDA MUTAXASSISLARNI TAYYORLASHDA O`QITISH METODIKASINI TAKOMILLASHTIRISHDA YANGI PEDAGOGIK TEXNOLIGIYALAR TAKLIFLARI
O‘qitishda o‘ta muhim bo‘lgan omil auditoriya faolligini oshirish va bu orqali o‘qitishda olinadigan natijaning samaradorligini ko‘tarish har qanday sharoitda ham hozirgi zamon talabi va bu chuqur o‘rganilishi lozim bo‘lgan yo‘nalishligi haqida ko`p gapirganmiz va eshitganmiz ham. Bu tayanch tushuncha o‘quv jarayonining barcha yo‘nalishlariga kirib borgan-ki, hozir o`quvchining mustaqil fikr yuritishi va uni etkazib berishga o`rgatish asosiy dolzarb masala bo`lib qoldi. Maqsad o‘quvchini doim qiziqtirib mashg`ul qilish va bilimlarini oshirishda kerakli natijaga erishish
SUN’IY INTELLEKTDAN ZAMONAVIY DUNYODA FOYDALANISHNING INNOVATSION YO‘NALISHLARI VA JAMIYAT RIVOJIGA TA’SIRI
Mazkur maqolada sun’iy intellekt texnologiyalarining zamonaviy dunyoda tutgan o‘rni, ulardan foydalanishning innovatsion yo‘nalishlari hamda jamiyat taraqqiyotiga ko‘rsatayotgan ta’siri keng va chuqur tahlil qilinadi. Sun’iy intellektning ilm-fan, ta’lim, tibbiyot, sanoat, iqtisodiyot, boshqaruv va axborot xavfsizligi sohalarida qo‘llanilishi orqali yuzaga kelayotgan yangi imkoniyatlar ochib beriladi. Shu bilan birga, sun’iy intellekt texnologiyalarining keng joriy etilishi natijasida paydo bo‘layotgan ijtimoiy, axloqiy va huquqiy muammolar ham muhokama qilinadi. Tadqiqot davomida sun’iy intellektning zamonaviy jamiyatda strategik texnologiya sifatida shakllanib borayotgani ilmiy asosda yoritiladi
The role of women in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics STEM fields has become increasingly important in the context of global technological advancement and sustainable development. Women have made valuable contributions to scientific research, technological innovation, and engineering solutions; however, their participation in STEM remains disproportionately low in many countries. This underrepresentation is influenced by a range of social, cultural, and institutional factors, including gender stereotypes, limited access to quality education, lack of mentorship, and unequal professional opportunities. This article examines the significance of women’s involvement in STEM fields and analyzes the barriers that hinder their full participation. It also discusses the positive impact of gender diversity on innovation, problem-solving, and economic growth. By reviewing existing research and real-world examples, the article highlights the importance of early STEM education for girls, supportive academic environments, and inclusive workplace policies. Furthermore, it emphasizes the role of governments, educational institutions, and organizations in promoting gender equality through targeted programs, scholarships, and leadership opportunities
PEDAGOGICAL STRATEGIES FOR CULTIVATING CRITICAL THINKING VIA INQUIRY-BASED LEARNING
Critical thinking has emerged as one of the most essential competencies in contemporary education, enabling learners to analyze, evaluate, and synthesize information effectively. Inquiry-Based Learning (IBL) is a pedagogical approach that emphasizes active engagement, curiosity, and problem-solving, providing a framework for developing critical thinking skills. This paper explores various pedagogical strategies that can be employed to cultivate critical thinking through IBL. Drawing on existing literature, theoretical frameworks, and empirical studies, the discussion highlights the underlying principles of IBL, practical teaching methods, assessment approaches, and challenges in implementation. The study argues that integrating inquiry-oriented practices into teaching not only enhances cognitive abilities but also promotes autonomous learning, collaboration, reflective thinking, and adaptive problem-solving. Additionally, the paper examines the implications for curriculum design, teacher training, and educational policy. Recommendations for educators and policymakers are provided to support the effective adoption of IBL in diverse educational contexts, emphasizing its potential for fostering higher-order thinking and lifelong learning competencies
SILENT INTELLIGENCE IN ACADEMIA: EMOTIONAL MICRO-SKILLS AS A FOUNDATION FOR SUSTAINABLE SCIENTIFIC EXCELLENCE
In contemporary academia, scientific value is frequently quantified through visible outputs such as indexed publications, citation metrics, and institutional rankings. While these indicators reflect productivity, they fail to capture the internal mechanisms that sustain long-term scholarly excellence. This article introduces the concept of emotional micro-skills as an invisible yet foundational dimension of academic success. By examining cognitive patience, reflective silence, emotional regulation, and resilience to epistemic uncertainty, the study argues that emotional micro-skills function as the psychological infrastructure of sustainable scientific innovation. The paper proposes a conceptual framework for integrating emotional micro-skills into higher education and research training systems
CONCEPTUAL METAPHORS IN UZBEK AND ENGLISH POLITICAL DISCOURSE
This article examines metaphors as a complex linguistic device that shapes how people perceive and interpret political realities. Drawing on insights from semantic theory, classical rhetoric, and cognitive linguistics, it considers metaphor as a way of constructing meaning based on perceived similarities and embodied experience. Using examples from contemporary English and Uzbek political discourse, the article highlights the linguistic, stylistic, semantic, cognitive, psychological, and pragmatic roles of metaphor. The analysis shows that political metaphors are not just expressive figures of speech but also, they are strategic tools for persuasion, legitimizing authority, and shaping collective identity, helping audiences understand and engage with socio-political issues
MAKTABGACHA TA’LIM SOHASIGA KIRIB KELAYOTGAN YANGI TA’LIM TEXNOLOGIYALARINING AFZALLIKLARI VA YUTUQLARI (REGGIO YONDASHUVI MISOLIDA)
Ushbu maqolada maktabgacha ta’lim tizimiga joriy etilayotgan zamonaviy ta’lim texnologiyalarining mazmuni, ularning afzalliklari hamda tarbiyalanuvchilar rivojiga ta’siri yoritilgan. Xususan, dunyo miqyosida keng tarqalgan va samaradorligi bilan ajralib turuvchi Reggio Emilia (Regio) ta’lim texnologiyasining asosiy tamoyillari, yutuqlari va maktabgacha ta’lim amaliyotidagi ahamiyati tahlil qilingan
THE ROLE OF THE FAMILY IN PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT
Personality development is one of the most important factors in the progress of society. In this process, the family occupies a leading position, as a child acquires their first knowledge, skills, and moral values within the family. For this reason, the role of the family in education and upbringing is considered extremely significant
ZAMONAVIY RAHBARLIK USLUBLARI VA ULARNING JAMOA SAMARADORLIGIGA TA’SIRI
Ushbu maqolada zamonaviy rahbarlik uslublari, ularning xususiyatlari va jamoa samaradorligiga ta’siri tahlil qilinadi. Innovatsion rahbarlik yondashuvlari, ijtimoiy va psixologik jihatlar, shuningdek, jamoa bilan ishlashda zamonaviy metodlarning samaradorligi ko‘rib chiqiladi. Tadqiqot natijalari rahbarlik uslublari bilan jamoa samaradorligi o‘rtasidagi bog‘liqlikni aniqlashga yordam beradi
YAPON AFSONALARI VA QADIMGI EPIK MATNLARINING ADABIYOTGA TA’SIRI
Ushbu maqolada yapon adabiyotining shakllanishi va rivojlanishida afsonalar, qadimgi epik matnlar hamda mifologik tasavvurlarning o‘rni keng yoritiladi. Kojiki “古事記” Nihon Shok”日本書紀”, Man’yoshu”万葉集” kabi manbalarda aks etgan mifologik motivlar, ilohiy obrazlar, tabiat va inson o‘rtasidagi muvozanat haqidagi qarashlarning keyingi davr adabiyot janrlariga — monogatari, waka, haiku, setsuwa, zamonaviy nasr va poeziyaga ko‘rsatgan ta’siri tahlil qilinadi. Maqolada, shuningdek, afsonaviy syujetlarning “Genji Monogatari”, “Heike Monogatari” kabi adabiy yodgorliklarda qayta talqin qilinishi, zamonaviy yozuvchilar — Murakami Haruki, Abe Kobo, Kawabata Yasunari ijodida mifologik dunyoqarashning estetik funksiyalari ko‘rib chiqiladi. Yapon afsonaviy merosining anime, manga va boshqa pop-madaniyat turlaridagi zamonaviy talqinlari ham ilmiy jihatdan tahlil qilinadi
SAVOD O‘RGATISH JARAYONIDA BILIMIDA BO‘SHLIG‘I BOR O‘QUVCHILAR BILAN ISHLASH
Hozirgi kunda yurtimizda ta’lim sohasiga e’tobor kundan-kunga ortib bormoqda. Xususan, yurtboshimiz Shavkat Miromonovich Mirziyoyev tomonidan qabul qilinayotga qarorlar va yangi loyihalarning ta’lim sohasiga oidligi diqqatga sazovordir. So‘ngi yillarda mamlakatimizda ta’lim tizimini rivojlantirish, o‘quvchi va o‘qituvchilar uchun qulay sharoit yaratish borasida ko‘plab ishlar amalga oshirilmoqda. Eski maktablar o’rniga yangi, qulay, zamonaviy maktablar barpo etilmoqda. O‘quv xonalari zamonaviy mebel, texnalogik qurilmalar va yangi darsliklar bilan ta’minlanmoqda. Endilikda ko ‘plab maktablarda kompyuter va labaratoriya xonalari mavjud. Ta’lim jarayoniga ham raqamli texnalogiyalar va inovatsiyalar kirib keldi. Elektron darsliklar, interaktiv doskalar, onlayn platformalar ishlamoqda. Msofaviy ta’lim imkoniyatlari yaratilgan, o ‘quvchilar istalgan vaqtda bilim olishlari mumkin
XX ASR OXIRI O'ZBEK NASRIDA INSON VA BORLIQ MUAMMOSINING FALSAFIY-BADIY IFODASI
O'zbek tilida Ushbu maqolada XX asr oxiri o'zbek nasrida inson va borliq munosabatining falsafiy-badiiy talqini tahlil qilinadi. Mustaqillik arafasi va undan keyingi davr nasrida insonning ichki dunyosi, hayot ma'nosi, erkinlik, yolg'izlik, jamiyat va shaxs o'rtasidagi ziddiyatlar badiiy tafakkur orqali yoritilgan. Maqolada davr adabiyotiga xos bo'lgan yangi falsafiy qarashlar, ramziy obrazlar va modernistik izlanishlar misollar asosida ochib beriladi
BOSHLANG‘ICH SINFLARDA O‘QISH SAVODXONLIGI DARSIDA "YOSHI ULUG‘ SHAHARLAR" MAVZUSIDA SAYOHAT METODIDAN FOYDALANISH
Ushbu maqola boshlang‘ich sinflarda o‘qish savodxonligi darsida "Yoshi ulug‘ shaharlar" mavzusini o‘rgatishda sayohat metodidan foydalanishning samaradorligini o‘rganishga qaratilgan. Tadqiqot natijalari shuni ko‘rsatadiki, sayohat metodi o‘quvchilarning diqqatini jalb qilish, mavzuni yaxshiroq tushunish va matnni amaliy tarzda o‘zlashtirish imkonini yaratadi. Maqolada sayohat metodining pedagogik asoslari, zamonaviy tajribalari va ularning boshlang‘ich sinf o‘quvchilariga ta’siri tahlil qilinadi
BOSHLANG‘ICH SINFLARDA SINFDAN TASHQARI O‘QISH DARSLARIDA INTERFAOL USULLARDAN FOYDALANISH
Ushbu maqola boshlang‘ich sinflarda sinfdan tashqari o‘qish darslarida interfaol usullardan foydalanishning samaradorligini o‘rganishga qaratilgan. Tadqiqot natijalari shuni ko‘rsatadiki, interfaol yondashuvlar o‘quvchilarning diqqatini jalb qilish, mustaqil fikrlashini rivojlantirish va bilimlarni amaliy tarzda qo‘llash imkonini yaratadi. Maqola davomida interfaol metodlarning pedagogik asoslari, zamonaviy tajribalari va ularning boshlang‘ich sinf o‘quvchilariga ta’siri tahlil qilinadi
O'ZBEKISTONDA KORRUPSIYAGA QARSHI KURASHISHNING KONSTITUTSIYAVIY-HUQUQIY ASOSLARI
mazkur maqolada O'zbekiston Respublikasida korrupsiyaga qarshi kurashishning konstitutsiyavi va huquqiy asoslari tahlil qilinadi. Korrupsiya tushunchasi, uning ijtimoiy va huquqiy oqibatlari ko‘rib chiqiladi. Shuningdek, O'zbekiston Konstitutsiyasida korrupsiyaga qarshi kurashish bo‘yicha tamoyillar va davlat siyosati belgilanganligi, qonun hujjatlari tizimi va amaliy choralarning ahamiyati yoritiladi. Korrupsiyaning oldini olish, aniqlash va jazolash bo‘yicha milliy mexanizmlar, davlat organlarining huquqiy vakolatlari, fuqarolarning huquqiy ongini oshirish masalalari muhokama qilinadi
MARKAZIY OSIYO MINTAQASIDA PROSTATA BEZI XAVFSIZ GIPERPLAZIYASI BO‘LGAN ERKAKLARDA TRANSURETRAL REZEKTSIYANING JINSIY FUNKTSIYAGA TA’SIRI TAHLILI
Ushbu prospektiv kuzatuv tadqiqotining maqsadi prostataning transuretral rezektsiyasi (TURP) ning prostata bezi xavfsiz giperplaziyasi (PBXG) bo‘lgan bemorlarda erektil va eyakulyator funktsiyalar holatiga ta‘sirini kompleks baholashdan iborat edi. Tadqiqotga 2022–2023 yillarda TURP amaliyoti o‘tkazilgan 68 nafar bemor kiritildi. Jinsiy funktsiyaning holati operatsiyadan oldin hamda operatsiyadan keyin 3 va 6 oylik davrlarda xalqaro miqyosda tan olingan IIEF-5 so‘rovnomasi va anketalash usuli yordamida baholandi. Olingan natijalar TURP ning jinsiy funktsiyaning turli komponentlariga differensial ta‘sirini aniq ko‘rsatdi: erektil funktsiya ko‘rsatkichlarining barqarorlashuvi yoki o‘rtacha darajada yaxshilanishi bilan bir vaqtda anterograd eyakulyatsiya chastotasining sezilarli darajada pasayishi kuzatildi. Ushbu holat davolash natijalarini oldindan bashorat qilish va individual klinik qarorlar qabul qilish uchun muhim ahamiyatga ega
АРХИТЕКТОР НОВОЙ ДИНАСТИИ: ЦАО ПИ КАК МАСТЕР ПОЛИТИЧЕСКОГО РИТУАЛА И СОЗДАТЕЛЬ ЛЕГИТИМИСТСКОЙ МОДЕЛИ В ЭПОХУ ТРОЕЦАРСТВИЯ
Статья посвящена анализу политической деятельности и исторической роли Цао Пи (187–226 гг.), известного под посмертным храмовым именем Вэнь-ди, первого императора династии Вэй. В отличие от своего отца, Цао Цао, остававшегося в рамках институтов Хань, Цао Пи осуществил ключевой легитимирующий акт — ритуальную абдикацию (шаньжан) последнего ханьского императора, формально завершив эпоху Хань и открыв период Троецарствия. Цель исследования — проанализировать, как Цао Пи, опираясь на военно-политическую базу, созданную отцом, сумел трансформировать де-факто власть в де-юре легитимную монархию, разработав и внедрив новую ритуально-идеологическую формулу смены династий. В работе применяются историко-антропологический и институциональный подходы, а также анализ поэтического и эпистолярного наследия Цао Пи. Делается вывод о том, что его правление, хотя и находилось в тени отцовских достижений, было критически важным для легитимации нового политического порядка и формирования культурного облика царства Вэй
O‘QISH SAVODXONLIGI DARSLARIDA O‘QUVCHILARGA KICHIK IJODIY MATN YARATISHNI O‘RGATISH USULLARI
Mazkur maqolada o‘qish savodxonligi darslarida o‘quvchilarning ijodiy fikrlashini rivojlantirish, ularni mustaqil ravishda kichik hajmdagi ijodiy matnlar yaratishga o‘rgatishning samarali usul va metodlari yoritilgan. Tadqiqot davomida boshlang‘ich va o‘rta bo‘g‘in o‘quvchilarining yosh xususiyatlari, o‘qish savodxonligi kompetensiyalari hamda ijodiy yozuv ko‘nikmalarining uzviy bog‘liqligi tahlil qilindi. Shuningdek, matn asosida ishlash, savol-javob, klaster, hikoya davom ettirish, rasm asosida matn tuzish kabi metodlarning ta’lim jarayonidagi ahamiyati ochib berildi
MULTIMODAL WRITING: INTEGRATING TEXT, IMAGE, AND SOUND TO FOSTER CREATIVITY AND LANGUAGE PROFICIENCY IN EFL/ESL CLASSROOMS
The expansion of digital communication has reshaped how meaning is produced and interpreted, requiring language learners to engage with texts that extend beyond traditional print-based writing. Multimodal writing, which integrates linguistic, visual, and auditory modes, has gained increasing attention in EFL/ESL education as a means of fostering creativity, engagement, and language development. This paper examines the theoretical foundations of multimodal writing and reviews empirical research on its effectiveness in EFL/ESL contexts. Drawing on classroom-based examples, the paper highlights pedagogical strategies for implementing multimodal writing tasks and discusses implications for teaching, assessment, and curriculum design. The findings suggest that multimodal writing should be viewed as a core literacy practice aligned with contemporary communicative demands
ZAMONAVIY TRAVMATOLOGIYADA SUYAK SINISHLARINI DAVOLASHNING INNOVATSION USULLARI
Zamonaviy travmatologiya suyak sinishlarini davolashda innovatsion texnologiyalar va ilg‘or usullarning jadal rivojlanishi bilan ajralib turadi. Ushbu maqolada suyak sinishlarini davolashda qo‘llanilayotgan minimal invaziv jarrohlik, biologik osteosintez, biomateriallar, 3D-texnologiyalar va regenerativ tibbiyot yondashuvlarining samaradorligi tahlil qilinadi. Innovatsion usullar bemorlarning tezroq sog‘ayishini, asoratlar kamayishini va hayot sifatining yaxshilanishini ta’minlaydi. Maqolada zamonaviy davolash usullarining afzalliklari, klinik ahamiyati va istiqbollari yoritilgan
TRANSLATION AS LITERARY REWRITING: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF MULTIPLE TRANSLATIONS OF A SINGLE WORK
This article examines multiple translations of a single literary work as distinct acts of literary rewriting rather than derivative reproductions of an original text. Shifting away from fidelity-based evaluation, the study focuses on how translators construct meaning through selective emphasis, omission, stylistic reconfiguration, and interpretive transformation. Drawing on theoretical perspectives from translation studies and comparative literature, the analysis demonstrates that each translation reflects a particular reading shaped by historical context, literary norms, and cultural expectations within the target system. Through close linguistic comparison, the article shows that translation functions as a creative practice embedded in cultural and ideological frameworks, contributing to the ongoing re-formation of literary meaning. The findings highlight the value of comparative analysis of multiple translations for understanding translation as an active agent in literary production and circulation
ИЗМЕНЕНИЕ СИНОВИАЛЬНОЙ ЖИДКОСТИ ПРИ ОСТЕОАРТРОЗЕ КОЛЕННОГО СУСТАВА
Цель исследования — оценить количественные и качественные изменения синовиальной жидкости у пациентов с остеоартрозом коленного сустава в зависимости от стадии заболевания. Проведено ретроспективное сравнительное исследование с участием 120 пациентов с остеоартрозом коленного сустава II–IV стадий и 40 условно здоровых лиц. Изучались физико-химические, клеточные и цитокиновые параметры синовиальной жидкости. Результаты показали прогрессирующее снижение вязкости и концентрации гиалуроновой кислоты, а также значительное увеличение клеточности и уровня провоспалительных цитокинов (IL-1β, TNF-α) по мере утяжеления заболевания. Полученные данные свидетельствуют о важной роли синовиальной жидкости в патогенезе остеоартроза и подтверждают целесообразность её использования в качестве дополнительного диагностического и прогностического маркера
РОЛЬ САНИТАРНО-ПРОСВЕТИТЕЛЬНОЙ РАБОТЫ В ПРОФИЛАКТИКЕ БЕШЕНСТВА
Бешенство остаётся одной из наиболее опасных зоонозных инфекций, характеризующейся стопроцентной летальностью при отсутствии своевременной профилактики. В статье рассмотрена роль санитарно-просветительной работы как ключевого элемента предупреждения бешенства среди населения. Проанализированы основные направления информационно-образовательной деятельности, их влияние на уровень обращаемости за медицинской помощью и снижение риска инфицирования. Показано, что систематическое санитарное просвещение способствует формированию устойчивых поведенческих навыков и повышению эпидемиологической настороженности населения
НУТҚ МАДАНИЯТИ ВА АХБОРОТ АСРИДА ТИЛНИНГ РОЛИ
Ушбу мақолада нутқ маданиятининг аҳамияти ва унинг ахборот асридаги ривожланиш хусусиятлари таҳлил этилади. Интернет ва рақамли коммуникациялар таъсирида тилнинг ифодалаш воситалари, услубий кўламлари ва этик меъёрлари қандай ўзгараётгани кўрсатилади. Шунингдек, ёшлар нутқи ва оммавий ахборот воситаларида тилнинг маданий миссияси ҳақида фикр юритилади