PRODUCTIVITY OF AFFIXATION IN MODERN WORD FORMATION

Annotatsiya

Affixation remains one of the most dynamic and productive mechanisms of modern word formation, playing a crucial role in the continual expansion and adaptation of the lexicon across contemporary languages. As linguistic systems evolve in response to technological progress, sociocultural change, and globalization, affixation provides a systematic means of generating new vocabulary through the addition of prefixes, suffixes, infixes, and circumfixes. This study explores the concept of morphological productivity, examining how and why certain affixes—such as un-, re-, anti-, bio-, -ness, -ism, -ize, and -ology—exhibit high generative potential in current linguistic usage. The analysis highlights the roles of semantic transparency, frequency, and cognitive accessibility in shaping affix productivity, while also addressing how digital communication, popular culture, and scientific advancement have accelerated the creation of new affixed forms. Drawing on perspectives from corpus linguistics, cognitive linguistics, and sociolinguistics, this paper argues that affixation is not only a structural morphological process but also a reflection of cultural innovation and communicative needs. The findings reinforce the idea that productive affixation facilitates linguistic economy, conceptual precision, and expressive creativity, ensuring that modern languages remain flexible and responsive to emerging phenomena